What is the composition of a hydraulic torque converter

The hydraulic torque converter is mainly composed of three basic components: pump impeller, turbine, and guide wheel. The pump wheel is integrated with the torque converter housing and fixed to the flywheel through bolts. The flywheel is connected to the crankshaft, so the pump wheel always rotates synchronously with the crankshaft. The blades of the pump impeller are spiral shaped, and their function is to transmit the power of the engine to the turbine. The input shaft of the turbine and transmission are connected by splines and equipped with many curved blades to receive power from the pump impeller. The guide wheel is located between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel, and is installed on the guide shaft connected to the automatic transmission housing through a one-way clutch. Its function is to change the direction of fluid flow, ensure smooth circulation of fluid flow in the hydraulic torque converter, and thus make power transmission more stable. ‌

The working principle of a hydraulic torque converter is to transmit power through liquid. The pump impeller rotates under the drive of the engine, flushing liquid into the turbine, thereby driving the turbine to rotate and achieving the transmission of power from the engine to the transmission system. The guide wheel is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing through a one-way clutch, further adjusting the flow direction and speed of the fluid flow, thereby achieving torque amplification or coupling effect.

Hydraulic torque converters play an important role in automobiles. It can automatically and continuously change the speed of the turbine according to load changes, improving the vehicle's throughput capacity; By connecting the pump impeller and turbine with liquid, the impact load of the engine on the transmission system is reduced, and the life of the transmission system is extended; Increase the starting torque ratio of the vehicle during start-up to enhance its power performance; Smooth and gentle start, improving ride comfort.